objectives that has arisen since the beginning (2007), "Project Tanzania", to be built in Dodoma and Itigi are essentially two:
1) technical objectives
2) educational objectives
In 2007-2008, in Dodoma, the provisions of the draft, ended with the start of production of the vineyard and orchard. For the management of the vineyard have been given for setting up the branches, pruning for plant protection and assistance. For the irrigation schemes, the garden was, and were made fitoiatrici interventions.
Moreover, given the presence of a number of Heads of livestock, with good milk production (20-25 liters / day) was set up correctly the fermentation of manure, to be able to use as organic fertilizer. A
Dodoma joints are also equipped with two containers for the production of dairy milk and cheese, in order to ensure the right amount for HIV-positive children of the Village of Hope.
technical objectives described above are complemented by a training objective as it is expected that a Tanzanian engineer to come to Italy to take on responsibilities in the conduct, of course, the cheese factory.
In 2008-2009, the focus has shifted to Itigi.
technical objectives, agriculture in the widest definition of the term, are been planned from the beginning, not aimed at "producing", but to experience the possibility of growing plants on the one hand they could enrich the diet of local populations (in terms of enrichment and protein supplements in terms of various elements) and afford to have the other productions in years of drought.
same time it has become essential to enrich the diet of livestock existing acts to produce milk that is currently very low.
The emphasis of the above ".... ... ... Do not claim to have." must be interpreted in the right
meaning: if we affirm the species tested, developing the technique of cultivation, and determined their needs, and if, therefore, will produce as part of the trial, you understand that the same may be proposed to the local population will put them in their farming system.
are currently testing the Caiano (Cajanus Cajani, in English "Pigeon Pea) and sunflower (Helianthus annuus, in English" Sunflower "). The
Caiano is a perennial legume, belonging to the family Fabaceae, especially rural, large
producing seeds (pea type) to be used as such after cooking, or with which to prepare soup or porridge (see insert).
http://www.progettotanzania.it/schede tecniche.pdf
The sunflower is well known, is a producer of oil in use in local populations.
E 'being prepared the ground for implantation of a rice paddy to be conducted "in dry", ie targeted irrigation when needed.
were also planted 20 olive trees for three years, a number of cultivars, some of which are adapted to extreme climates. Olive oil is obviously superior to sunflower oil. However
need to wait several years to figure out if the plants will bloom, as it takes some time with Temic values \u200b\u200bof about 15 ° C which, in reality, manifesting Itigi in July. The plant olive
was made possible thanks to the collaboration with Prof. Andrea Fabbri
University of Parma. Finally
to remember is to experiment on Jatropha (see data sheet) already planted in the first year of operation, ready to be transferred from the experimental plots in the open field. The seeds were supplied by Prof. Vincenzo Vecchio, Faculty of Agriculture of the University of Florence.
When the strain that gave the best growth increments is Senegalese.
Jatropha seeds have a high production capacity of fuel oil that the intention of
Project, must serve to ensure the functioning of the generators of the San Gaspar.
www.progettotanzania.it / cards tecniche.pdf
part of the activities listed above, each transaction has participated
Tanzanian staff in order to acquire all of the known techniques in order to operate, as needed, autonomously.
NOTE: The young agronomists tropical Faculty of Agriculture, Florence, who worked within the project, just to Itigi, have paid their attention to the cultivation and recovery of health and various citrus orchards, some managed by nurses Hospital and the other religious. They also already trained staff
locally so that the same, acquiring knowledge and skills to be able to independently manage the various agricultural situations. The Livestock
to Itigi
The reality of the agricultural San Gaspar Hospital Itigi husbandry includes activities focusing on a stable of dairy cows (Holstein derived from crosses between individuals and local populations) with a consistency of about 20 animals. The management of livestock grazing provides during daylight hours and the shelter indoors for the night, are carried out in the barn milking and the feeding of concentrates.
The company visit has led to identify some measures to improve both management and production to implement
quickly and with relative ease.
The primary task will be to create a register of animals back where all the events reproductive and productive in order to have a real-time picture. Event logging is key for the proper management of the stable, the supply of food, just as an example, should be adjusted according to the weight of the animal and its physiological condition.
Another important point of intervention will be the rapid development of experimental plots to test varieties for fodder (for grazing and hay) appropriate to the land in question and the prolonged drought.
For the rainy season will be tested meadows subsidiary of mowing grass + legumes to make readily available to the animals, while the drought will be tested for the forage species by mowing and hay as well as the use of leguminous shrubs to be used as a store of protein (to be mowed and make the animals ). For this last goal, in addition to the plants recommended by the specific literature, will be included in the study the different species in that area, due to the Mimosoideae, which must be identified and then tested their palatability by livestock. At first
literature search, given the soil characteristics and climate of the area in question, might be taken into account for grasses: Chloris Gayana, Andropogon gayanus, Digitaria milanjiana, while between pulses can be examined: Stylosanthes fruticosa, Stylosanthes scabra, Stylosanthes viscose, Chamaecrista rotundifolia (Cassia rotundifolia).
Finally, using the marginal areas of the plots and the areas intended to accommodate crops
windbreaks, will be tested varieties of Opuntia (prickly pear) for use as animal fodder.
www.progettotanzania.it / cards tecniche.pdf
APPENDIX E 'should be noted that, in the context of cooperation between agricultural cooperative Woodshed and Faculty of Agriculture in Florence, not so much among the primary purposes Project Tanzania, but also on the same spill, was allowed the opportunity for students of degree courses in "tropical agriculture", the first and second level (such as those reported in other page of the site), relating to the Faculty same, to carry out a training period at the end of internship or thesis.
Currently Itigi to a young graduate who is leading, for his thesis,
experiments aimed at ascertaining the susceptibility of eggplant, tomato, okra and amaranth (the latter two species in horticultural use in the local population) to several fungal pathogens , isolated in the first mission of 2007, such as Alternaria alternata and Verticilliun albo-atrum. The work also planned to test the efficacy of certain antagonistic fungi, known in the literature for their antagonism to express biological characteristics, such as Trichoderma spp. and Epicoccum nigrum.
http://www.progettotanzania.it/schede tecniche.pdf
pods of okra (www.gothamist.com / attachments / food_andrew / okr ...)
plant amaranth (www.fungoceva.it/)
The okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), known in Africa under the name "Gumbo", and English literature as "lady's finger," belongs to the family of Malvaceae. He
shrub, up to 2.50 m high, with pods of 8-15 cm in length.
pretreated with vinegar, the buds do not emit that characteristic, bitter
viscous liquid that makes them unattractive.
Amaranth (Amarantus retroflexus), known in Tanzania as the "M'cicia, and
English as cockscomb, belongs to the family of Amarantaceae. He looks
bushy and reaches a height of 90-180 cm. Given
weed species in some countries for its great ability to diffuse bound high seed production, was used instead
as food in other countries where the leaves are used fresh or cooked.
TECHNICAL
Caiano - Cajanus Cajani (Pigeon Pea)
Genre relating to the order Fabales, Fabaceae family. The different species are cultivated for over 3,000 years.
The center of origin is probably from Asia, from which he has reached East Africa and then establish themselves in the American continent. The
Caiano is used both as food for humans (mostly dried peas or green, but in Ethiopia also used the young shoots and leaves which themselves must be cooked), or as fodder for livestock.
In some countries, the staple food is highly rich in protein and amino acids such as methionine, lysine and tryptophan.
In combination with cereals leads to a well balanced diet for humans. The woody stem
can be used as firewood.
In many countries it is considered an important element for the preparation of manure, with a contribution of about 40 kg of nitrogen per hectare.
also has many uses in human medicine.
As regards the method of cultivation often is used together with sorghum, millet, maize.
can be considered a perennial species, as production remains high up to 3-5 years.
E 'a plant cultivated in marginal lands, or otherwise deficient in several respects.
In some countries the use of traditional farming is not supported by fertilizing, fertilization, weed control and pesticide treatments, so you have low yields, on average 650-700 kg / hectare.
E 'species which are resistant to drought, so that it can grow and well-produced (in accordance with the above values) in areas where annual rainfall not exceeding 600 mm.
Jatropha - Jatropha curcas (Barbados nut or Physic nut)
The plant is known in Tanzania as "Mbone". Genre
order afferent Euphorbiales, Family Euphorbiaceae. Native plant
central regions of the United States, particularly widespread in Asia and Africa.
tough plant, by the modest needs, resistant to long periods of drought and high temperatures
, and equally adaptable to extremely low temperatures.
The land can be rocky and sandy, with high salinity gradients.
You multiply seed for both cuttings, it is recommended fertilization after the first issue of
leaves.
tolerates low rainfall (200-300 mm / year), but the optimum in terms of production, it has with 350-650 mm / year.
The seed production occurs in the first year, but the maximum you have after 2-3 years.
The average production is around 3.5 tons of seed per hectare.
The seeds are only used for the production of oil, whose content varies from 26 to 40% and 92%
extraction. A hectare of land can produce well-conducted even 1.5 ton of oil.
In literature we read that in some countries the seeds are also used as food, but it is unclear whether it is seeds produced non-toxic varieties.
The oil is used as fuel for lighting, to produce lubricants, detergents and other
similar. Asssolutamente is not used as food.
The young leaves when boiled, are edible. They can also be a component of the system
animal feed.
From flowers can produce honey.
Walnuts, roasted, are edible.
roots, if burned, the ashes can be used in place of salt.
is obtained from bark, maceration, a liquid used as a poison for the fish.
The sap is used as dye.
